Learning about the formation and evolution of the very first galaxies in the Universe is crucial for our understanding of the cosmos. While the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has already detected some of the most distant galaxies known, their numbers are small, making it hard for astronomers to determine if they represent the Universe at large.
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The new observing campaign, called Beyond Ultra-deep Frontier Fields And Legacy Observations (BUFFALO), will observe six massive galaxy clusters and their surroundings, less than 800 million years after the big bang, according to NASA.Abell 370 is the first cluster to be observed, it added.The first observations by Hubble shows the galaxy cluster Abell 370 and a host of magnified, gravitationally lensed galaxies around it.
The BUFFALO program is designed to identify galaxies in their earliest stages of formation, less than 800 million years after the big bang. BUFFALO will be able to detect the galaxies approximately ten times more efficiently than its progenitor.
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The extended fields of view will also allow better 3D mapping of the mass distribution – of both ordinary and dark matter – within each galaxy cluster. The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and ESA (European Space Agency). NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Centre in Greenbelt, Maryland, manages the telescope.
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